UK P&I Club advises on the need for ventilation when shipping grain cargoes

The need for ventilation when shipping grain cargoes is the subject of new advice from the UK P&I Club
The need for ventilation when shipping grain cargoes is the subject of new advice from the UK P&I Club

The UK P&I Club says that it has received a number of claims concerning damaged grain cargoes due to cargo sweat and provides the following advice and information on the benefits of ventilation. Cargo sweat can be caused primarily by either cargo heating up or from a vessel transiting from a warmer to cooler environment.

“If there is a temperature differential between the outside of the stow and the inside, moisture migration will result. Such moisture migration will also occur when one part of the bulk heats up for any particular reason, such as insect infestation, microbiological activity or proximity to a hot bulkhead. In all these circumstances, moisture will migrate from the warmer region to colder parts of the stow.” explains George Devereese of the Loss Prevention Department at UK P&I Club.

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UK P&I Club issues advice on cargo cold treatment failure

UK P&I Club says that it has seen an increase in refrigerated cargo claims for fresh fruit being shipped from South America to the United States due to cargo cold treatment failure. George Radu, Claims Executive at Thomas Miller Americas, comments on this increase and offers prevention solutions.

The process of cargo cold treatment is a more efficient way to exterminate fruit insects than fumigation, as it maintains a sufficient low temperature for a pre-determined period, in order to exterminate insects and larvae in perishable cargo. The period and temperature required are defined in protocols established by the relevant authorities of the importing countries.

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Loss prevention briefing bulletin issued by North P&I Club

North P&I's loss prevention briefing bulletin that offers free, helpful advice
North P&I’s loss prevention briefing bulletin that offers free, helpful advice

The North P&I Club has issued a loss prevention briefing bulletin, which details all the important and necessary actions and steps to take into consideration when conducting a proper and professional incident investigation. The Club reviews how to conduct an investigation; how to collect and preserve the evidence; how to examine data and how to look for and find probable causes and finally how to use data to identify trends.

In particular, it is noted that, fundamentally, the investigation should establish:
• who was involved
• what happened
• why did it happen

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A marine warranty surveyor should be engaged to reduce cargo shifting risk says London P&I Club

London P&I Club is calling for a marine warranty surveyor to be engaged to reduce the risk of shifting deck cargoes
London P&I Club is calling for a marine warranty surveyor to be engaged to reduce the risk of shifting deck cargoes

Due to a recent increase in the incidence of deck cargoes shifting in heavy weather, the London P&I Club said it supports a recommendation to appoint a marine warranty surveyor to supervise high-risk marine construction and transportation project operations where appropriate.

“In the past year, LOC has seen many deck cargoes shifting in heavy weather,” Paul Walton, a director with international marine consultant LOC (Hong Kong), said.

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New guidance on minimising risk from Ro-Ro fires published by North P&I Club

Free 10 page briefing document from North P&I Club about minimising risk from Ro-Ro fires
Free 10 page briefing document from North P&I Club about minimising risk from Ro-Ro fires

North P&I Club has published a new loss prevention briefing on how to prevent, detect and fight fires on roll-on-roll-off (ro-ro) vessels and car carriers. Such vessels are twice as likely to catch fire as other ships and vehicle-deck fires are notoriously difficult to contain and put out.

The new 10-page briefing, which is free to download from the the North P&I Club website, (or at the foot of this article), explains the risks of ro-ro and car carrier fires in detail. It then sets out a comprehensive series of recommendations covering training, maintenance, vigilance, reaction and procedures.

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The Skuld P&I Club issues an advisory note on metal wire rope maintenance

An advisory note on metal wire rope maintenance has been issued
An advisory note on metal wire rope maintenance has been issued

The correctly selected metal wire rope that has been appropriately operated and maintained, has not been damaged and has been regularly inspected should provide safe and trouble free service. However, it must be withdrawn from service before it becomes degraded to the point where its safety becomes compromised.

In order for the rope to work efficiently as part of a lifting or winching system, it needs to be of appropriate strength, construction and diameter. It’s very important that the rope not only has the required minimum braking strength, but is also of the correct size and construction. The diameter of the rope must be matched to the groove dimensions of the sheaves that it will be passing over and it must have appropriate flexibility, which is expressed in terms of its minimum bend radius, to suit the diameter of those sheaves.

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Amercian P&I Club publishes a book as it prepares to mark its centenary

The American P&I Club celebrates its centenary in February 2017
The American P&I Club celebrates its centenary in February 2017

The American P&I Club was founded in New York nearly a century ago in February 1917. To celebrate its first 100 years, a book entitled The American Club: A Centennial History has just been published. The book tells the story of the Club across ten decades of maritime and marine insurance history both within the United States and across the world. The book, authored by Richard Blodgett, a former Wall Street Journal reporter.

When the American P&I Cub was formed war was raging in Europe. At that time, P&I insurance was offered primarily from clubs in the United Kingdom and Scandinavia. In consequence of UK government trade-related sanctions which had been imposed on certain US shipowners in 1916, the American P&I Club was established to provide a reliable source of coverage in the United States.

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UK P&I Club advises on white powder deposits on food cargoes

Following a number of incidents involving white powder deposits being found on food cargoes that have been transported in refrigerated containers, UK P&I Club has issues some advice. The presence of aluminium oxide/hydroxide, which appears as white powder deposits on food cargoes, can result in lost transportation revenues, customer rejections, insurance claims and even government mandated destruction of the food cargoes. George Radu, Claims Executive at UK P&I Club, comments on how this cargo loss can be prevented.

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Gard P&I Club advises on ways to minimise heat damage risk in soya bean cargoes

Gard P&I Club reports an increase in heat related damage claims in soya bean cargoes loaded in South America
Gard P&I Club reports an increase in heat related damage claims in soya bean cargoes loaded in South America

Gard P&I Club says that many claims relating to heat damage in soya bean cargoes loaded in South America, particularly Brazil and Uruguay, mostly for discharge in China have been reported this year. Due to the relatively high value of soya beans and the fairly large quantities shipped, the disputes have in some cases involved multi-million dollar claims. In a recently published loss prevention article, Gard P&I Club highlights the importance of inspections as important visible signs that fall under the phrase “apparent condition” can reveal at an early stage the problem and recommends guidelines to assist operations involved in the transportation of soya bean cargoes.

It is important to remember that there is an obligation in law, under the relevant cargo carriage liability regimes, to inspect the cargo’s apparent order and condition at loading, to enable the Master to ensure that the bill of lading is accurate in its description of these items. The same regimes obliges the Master and his crew to properly care for the cargo once loaded.

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UK P&I Club urges care when transporting rice cargoes

The UK P&I Club has commented on the risks associated with rice cargoes transportation and advises on the precautions that can be taken to minimise losses.

479 million tonnes of rice were produced in the 2013/14 season, with 38 million tonnes transported across borders, exported mainly by Thailand, Vietnam and Pakistan. As global demand for staple foods has risen and the shipping industry has faced increasing pressure on freight rates, a large percentage of rice cargoes shipments are transported in bagged form aboard traditional bulk carriers, with smaller parcels carried more and more often as containerised cargo.

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New case study by American P&I Club reminds that lubricating oil maintenance is critical

If there is one standout cause for failures of main and auxiliary engines, it is through inadequate monitoring and maintenance of the condition of lubricating oil – literally the life-blood of any engine. The American P&I Club has issued a new case study taking into account best practices in the prevention of shipboard machinery failures.

The case study incident:
The medium speed main engine of a bulk carrier suffered a turbocharger failure whilst on transatlantic passage to New York. The engine had then labored for several days with a non-functional turbocharger creating very poor combustion and black exhaust smoke. Whilst in port and undergoing turbocharger repairs the attending surveyor recommended that lubricating oil samples be taken from the main engine for analysis. It wasn’t done, and several days later during another loaded passage, the main bearings and then the crankshaft failed leading to towage, large general average costs and extensive disputes over seaworthiness.

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Japan P&I Club warns of increasing ignition during petcoke loading in Venezuela

japanPetcoke (petroleum coke) is a byproduct of the oil refinery coking process that produces low-cost fuel, often with a high sulphur content. Petcoke may also be known as green delayed coke, sponge coke, needle coke, delayed coke or raw coke-fuel grade. Petcoke is over 90 percent carbon and emits 5 to 10% more carbon dioxide (CO2) than coal on a per-unit of-energy basis when it is burned. As petcoke has a higher energy content, petcoke emits between 30 and 80 percent more CO2 than coal per unit of weight.

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